How to do things with deepfakes

Abstract In this paper, I draw a distinction between two types of deepfake, and unpack the deceptive strategies that are made possible by second. The first category, which has been focus existing literature on topic, consists those deepfakes act as fabricated record events, talk, action, where any utterances included in footage not addressed to audience deepfake. For instance, fake video politicians conversing with one another. second category direct an illocutionary speech act—such request, injunction, invitation, or promise— addressee who is located outside recording. company director instructing their employee make payment, military official urging populace flee for safety. Whereas former may deceive giving rise false beliefs, latter can more directly manipulate agent’s actions: act’s be moved accept invitation summons, follow command, heed warning, doing so further deceiver’s unethical ends.